These functional polymers can be applied in various fields of polymer material science, technology, and industry, such as crosslinkers, chain extenders, and as building blocks of complex macromolecular assemblies, and life sciences and biotechnology as well, such as targeting delivery, biological sensors, receptors, and surfaces to control cell behavior. Reactive functionalities in polymer chains can be introduced either along the chains (pendant functionalities) and/or at the chain ends (terminal functionalities). Today, polymers with special, advanced properties and targeted functionalities, such as responsive (smart, intelligent, adaptive) polymers and macromolecules with well-defined array of functional groups belong to the most intensively investigated fields of polymer science and technology.
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Although the catalytic activity of the enzyme–polymer nanoconjugate is lower than that of the native enzyme, the results of the enzyme activity investigations prove that the pH and thermal stability of the enzyme is significantly enhanced by conjugation the with P(DEAAm- co-GMA) copolymer. This EPNP also shows reversible thermoresponsive behavior with somewhat higher critical solution temperature than that of the unreacted P(DEAAm- co-GMA). The P(DEAAm- co-GMA) copolymer with pendant epoxy groups was found to conjugate efficiently with α-chymotrypsin in a direct, one-step reaction, leading to enzyme–polymer nanoparticle (EPNP) with average size of 56.9 nm. It was found that all the investigated copolymers possess LCST-type thermoresponsive behavior with small extent of hysteresis, and the critical solution temperatures (CST), i.e., the cloud and clearing points, decrease linearly with increasing GMA content of these copolymers.
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In this paper, the successful synthesis, characterization, and bioconjugation of a novel thermoresponsive copolymer, poly( N, N-diethylacrylamide- co-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(DEAAm- co-GMA)), obtained by free radical copolymerization with various comonomer contents and monomer/initiator ratios are reported. The thermoresponsive poly( N, N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm), which has a better biocompatibility than the widely investigated poly( N, N-isopropylacrylamide), has gained increased interest in recent years. Responsive (smart, intelligent, adaptive) polymers have been widely explored for a variety of advanced applications in recent years.